A new study on placental gene therapy in rhesus macaques has shown promising results that could lead to improved outcomes for human pregnancies affected by placental insufficiency. The research, conducted by scientists Dr. Helen Jones, from the University of Florida, and Dr. Jenna Schmidt, University of Wisconsin—Madison and Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, focuses on developing a treatment for placental insufficiency.
Placental insufficiency is a significant concern in human pregnancies, underlying the majority of stillbirths or resulting in low birth weight and extended stays in neonatal intensive care units. The condition can have lasting effects on health throughout their lifespan, potentially leading to cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive developmental issues later in life.
The researchers used a polymer-based nanoparticle loaded with a plasmid encoding the human IGF-1 protein, which is crucial for normal placental development. This approach builds on Dr. Jones’ 13 years of previous research supported by the NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Development.
Key findings from the study include:
- Successful expression of the IGF-1 transgene only in the placenta
- No negative immune responses from the mother or fetus
- Transgene expression lasting up to 10 days after treatment
While the current study involved direct injection into the rhesus macaque placenta, future research aims to refine the delivery method for potential human applications. The next steps include:
- Delivering nanoparticles via the mother’s circulation
- Exploring multiple treatments throughout pregnancy
- Measuring the impact on both mother and fetus through birth
The ultimate goal of this research is to improve placental function, extend pregnancies, and result in healthier babies and adults. As the study progresses, it brings hope for a potential treatment for placental insufficiency, a condition that currently has no available therapies.
This innovative research represents a significant step forward in addressing pregnancy complications and improving long-term health outcomes for both mothers and children.
